Kupu Whakataki
I Hepetema 3, 2025, i whakatau te Kōti Whenua o te District of Columbia te Kai‑whakawā Amit P. Mehta i te aronga ture a te U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) mō Google, ā, i kukume te aro o te rāngai hangarau. I whakaarahia te whakahau kia tiritihia e Google ētahi raraunga rapu ki ērā e kapi ana i te rārangi "hoa whakataetae ū" me te ārai i ētahi o āna whakaritenga taunoa motuhake ki ētahi hoa pērā i Apple; otirā, i whakakorehia te tono a te DOJ kia wehehia a Chrome me te pūnaha Android. I tautokohia e te mākete koinei he whakatau “māmā” ki a Google, nō reira i piki i te wāhokohoko ā muri tata te utu hea a Alphabet e pā tata ana ki te 8%, mai i te $212 ki runga ake i te $229 ia hea. I te wā i tuhia tēnei tuhinga, kua piki te utu hea a Alphabet ki te 9.14%—$230.66.
Te Horopaki o te Ture Whakataetae
I Oketopa 2020, i whakatūpato te U.S. Department of Justice tahi me 11 ngā kāwanatanga ki runga i a Google mō ngā hē o te rangatiratanga rapu, e ai ki te karauna, nā ngā kawenata taunoa motuhake ki ngā kaihanga pūrere pērā i Apple, Samsung, me ngā tirotiro pērā i Mozilla Firefox. E ai ki ngā taunakitanga ki te kōti, i utu a Google $26.3 piriona i te tau 2021 kia mōhio ai tōna miihini rapu hei taunoa i roto i Safari me Firefox. I te Hōngongoi 2024, i whakatau a Mehta he rangatiratanga wāhanga hē tā Google i ngā ratonga rapu me ngā pānuitanga kuputuhi, e whakapae ana he take whakawhitinga ture e taupoki ana i raro i te Ture Sherman Section 2; he whakatau nui tēnei i muri i te take Microsoft i 1998.
Ko te pūtake o te take ko te aronga tuku rapu a Google. E ai te DOJ, i mauhuri a Google i ngā waahi taunoa mā te utu nui, i aukati i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā whakataetae pērā i Microsoft Bing me DuckDuckGo. Nā ēnei kawenata i āhei ai a Google ki te riro i te tata ki te 90% o te maakete rapu, ā, i whakapakari ake i tana painga raraunga me tana pakihi pānuitanga. Ko ngā rāhui kua tukuna e te DOJ i kapi i te tono wehe i a Chrome, i te pūnaha Android, me te aukati i ētahi kawenata taunoa; heoi, i kōwhiri a Kai‑whakawā Mehta i te rongo māhaki i Hepetema 2025.
Ngā Take Matua o te Whakatau o Hepetema 2025
I roto i tana whakatau whānui 223‑whārangi, i whakahē ake a Mehta i ngā tono maha o te DOJ, ā, i whakatakoto i ēnei whakaritenga matua mō Google:
- Te Tiritiri Raraunga Rapu：Me tuku a Google ki ngā “hoa whakataetae tika” ētahi hua rapu me ētahi raraunga hei whakatairanga i te whakataetae i te mākete rapu ipurangi.
- Te Whakakore i ngā Kawenata Taunoa Motuhake：Ka aukati i a Google i te whakamahi i ngā utu hei whakarite i tana miihini rapu kia taunoa i ngā tirotiro me ngā pūrere, pērā i tana kawenata ki Apple mō Safari.
- Te Whakatū i tētahi Komiti Aroturuki：Me whakarite tētahi komiti hei aroturuki i ngā tikanga pakihi a Google kia ū ki ngā here ture.
Heoi anō, i whakakorehia e te whakatau te tono kia wehehia a Chrome, nā te mea i kīhia e te kōti kāore tēnei e hāngai ki te aronga o te take mō te tuku rapu, ā, ka taea pea te pā kino ki ngā kaihoko me ngā hoa mahi. I kino atu hoki te tono wehe i te pūnaha Android i te mea kua kitea he nui rawa atu te rohe o te take. I mea a Kai‑whakawā Mehta kua huri te āhuatanga o te maakete rapu i te pikinga o te mātauranga pūkaha (AI), ā, kei te whakataetae ērā hua a OpenAI, Microsoft me Anthropic e whakamahia ana hei wero i te mana rangatira a Google. I kī ia he whāinga te whakatau kia taurite i te whakahoki mai o te whakataetae me te karo i ngā whakararu nui ki te maakete.
I hokinga mai te whakautu a Google, i mea he pānga ki te tūmataitinga kaiwhakamahi pea ngā whakahau tiritiri raraunga, ā, kei te whakamahere te kamupene ki te ārewa; e titiro ana rātou kia pēhea te haere o te take ki te Kōti Matua. I roto i te tauākī a Kent Walker, Perehitini o ngā Take Ā‑Ao mō Google, i kī: “He kaha te whakataetae, ā, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tīpako i ngā ratonga e hiahiatia ana e rātou.”
Ngā Whakautu o te Mākete me te Āhua o te Utu Hea
I muri i te whakapuaki i te whakatau, i piki te utu hea a Alphabet i te wāhokohoko ā muri tata ki te 8%, ka tae ki runga ake i te $229, e tohu ana i te āhua o te manawaroa o ngā kaipānga mō te kore o te huarahi kino rawa. E ai ki a Brad Erickson nō RBC Capital, he “māmā” te whakatau, ā, i whakakore i te tūraru nui o te wehe i a Chrome. Nō te taha o Wedbush, i kī a Scott Devitt he mea “whakawārite” te kāwanatanga, ā, ka whai hua nui a Google. I piki koa te utu hea a Apple i te wāhokohoko ā mua nā te mea ka riro tonu e Apple te tata ki te $20 piriona ia tau mai i ngā kawenata rapu taunoa me Google, e neke ana i te 18% o ōna moni whakahaere; koinei anō he rerenga moni nui kua mau tonu.
Ngā Pānga Whānui ki te Rāngai Hangarau
Kāore noa iho i te toa a Google tēnei whakatau, engari kua tū te paerewa mō ngā take ture whakataetae i te rāngai hangarau. E whakaatu ana te whakatau a Mehta he mea kaha ake te aro ki ngā whakatika ā‑itiro (pērā i te tiritiri raraunga) i te kore wehe rānei i ngā hanganga kamupene, he tikanga hoki e puta ake ana i roto i ngā 40 tau kua hipa. E ai ki a Rebecca Haw Allensworth, ka āhua āwhāringatia a Google ki te whakaaroaro mō āna mahi ā muri ake nei.
Ka whakaata tēnei whakatau i ngā panonitanga i roto i te maakete rapu nō te taenga mai o te AI. I aukati a Mehta i te whakamana kia whakamahia a Gemini AI hei taonga taunoa mō ngā pūrere pūkoro, ā, i whakaae ia kei te whai whakataetae te rāngai ā‑pāpāho whakahaere (generative AI). E mea ana ngā tātaritanga o Wall Street, mēnā ka mutu te utu a Google mō ngā hua taunoa, ka taea e te kamupene te whakahoki pūtea ki roto ki a Gemini AI me te pakihi kapua hei whakapakari ake i tōna tūnga i roto i te ao AI. Hei tauira, i whakapae a Dan Niles, kaiwhakarewa o Niles Investment Management, ka taea e Google te noho hei rawa pai rawa atu mō te rāngai hangarau i te tau 2026.
Hei tāpiri, he pānga anō tō te whakatau ki ērā atu rōpū hangarau. Kei te haere tonu ngā take ture a te DOJ ki runga i a Meta, Amazon me Apple; ka taea e te whakatau mō Google te whakamārama i tētahi ara hei whai mā ēnei ture. Hei tauira, kei mua i a Meta he take a te Federal Trade Commission mō tōna rangatiratanga pāpori, ā, ka whakatau mō Amazon he arotake mō ana mahi ki ngā pakihi iti ā te tau 2027. E tohu ana te keehi a Google ka āhua iti ake te hiahia mō ngā wehe rānei, ā, ka nui ake te aro ki te whakatikatika i ngā whanonga.
Whakakapi
I te mutunga, i a Hepetema 2025, i whakamarama te kōti i tētahi whakatau e whakamarumaru ana i ngā wāhi matua o a Google—kia mau tonu a Chrome me Android—ā, i tukuna he huarahi tiritiri raraunga me te aukati i ētahi kawenata taunoa. Ko te pikinga 8% o te utu hea he tohu mō te manawaroa o te mākete, engari ka whakatuwhera hoki i ngā whai wāhitanga mō Bing, DuckDuckGo me ētahi atu whakataetae, ā, ka whakaritea he huarahi mō ngā auahatanga rapu ā‑pūkaha. E whakamahere ana a Google ki te ārewa, nō reira ka tau tonu te aro ture i te taumata tiketike, ā, kei te whakahoutia te anga whakataetae i te rāngai hangarau.
Puna
- CNBC. (2025, September 3). Google stock jumps 8% after search giant avoids worst‑case penalties in antitrust case. (https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/02/google‑antitrust‑search‑ruling.html)
- The New York Times. (2025, September 3). Google must share search data with rivals, judge rules in antitrust case. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/02/technology/google‑search‑antitrust‑decision.html
- Reuters. (2025, September 3). Google keeps Chrome and Apple deal but must share data in big antitrust ruling. (https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards‑policy‑regulation/google‑keeps‑chrome‑apple‑deal‑must‑share‑data‑big‑antitrust‑ruling‑2025‑09‑02/)
- Wikipedia. (2025, September 4). United States v. Google LLC (2020). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_%282020%29)
- CNN Business. (2024, August 6). Google has an illegal monopoly on search, judge rules. (https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/05/business/google‑loses‑antitrust‑lawsuit‑doj/index.html)