I te tau 2025, i whakaputaina i Nature he tuhinga e whakamārama ana i tētahi rorohiko rama ā‑tārite e whakakotahi ana i ngā hiko ā‑tārite, te tuku rama ā‑wātea 3D, me te hanganga iteratī ki roto i tētahi pūrere kotahi. Ko te taitara o te pepa ko "Analog optical computer for AI inference and combinatorial optimization"; i whakaatu ngā kaituhi he papa whakaranu ā‑tārite kei te kaha ki te mahi i te whakamatau AI me te whakapainga huinga i te wā kotahi.
Ka whakamārama te tuhinga i ngā wāhanga matua e toru o te pūnaha: he ara mana me te huri urupare i whakatinanahia mā ngā hiko ā‑tārite, he wāhanga rama 3D mō ngā whakamahinga ā‑tauira nui (hei āwhina i ngā mahi matawhānui o te rārangi), me tētahi anga iteratī e whakakapi ana i ngā wāhanga e rua kia eke rānei ki te otinga e hiahiatia ana. Kāore ngā kaituhi i mā te whakamahi noa i te rama hei whakatere kotahi; mā te urupare ā‑hiko me te whatunga iteratī ka whakatikahia, ka whakarewa hoki ngā whakautu i runga i ngā taputapu ā‑tārite e pāngia ana e te haruru me te hē whakarite.
I roto i ngā taipitopito whakamātautau, i whakauruhia e te rōpū te mahi pānga‑mātai rahi i te ara rama wātea, ka whakamahi i ngā tauira ā‑wārite o te āheitanga rama hei kawe whakatūpato i ngā wāhanga veka; ko ngā porohita hiko ā‑tārite e whakahaere ana i te whakatikatika, te whakakore i te pae me te whakahoki urupare ki te wāhanga rama i muri i ia iteratī; ā, ka taea e te anga katoa te whakatutuki i te nuinga o ngā mahi algebra rārangi i te āhua rama, me te whakauru a‑takitahi i ngā here me ngā kore‑rārangi mā te iteratī mō te rapunga o ngā rongoā mō ngā raru whakapainga huinga.
Mo ngā whakaaturanga tauwhāinga, i whakaatu te pepa he tauira mō ngā momo mahi e rua: whakamatau AI me te whakapainga huinga. I te taha whakamatau AI, i whakaaturia e ngā kaituhi te whakawātea i ngā paparanga rārangi kua akohia ki ngā wāhanga rama, ā, i raro i ngā whakatikatanga iteratī ka mau tonu te tika whaihua; i te taha whakapainga huinga, i whakamahia e te tīma te pūnaha whakaranu rama–hiko me ngā tukanga iteratī kia tau ki ngā tata ki ngā otinga pai, ā, i matapakihia hoki te whakakaha ake i te kounga o ngā otinga mā ngā iteratī maha me ngā whakarerekētanga tawhā.
Hei whakarāpopoto i ngā tino tikanga hangarau, e toru ngā take i tuhia e ngā kaituhi: tuatahi, ko te whakakotahitanga o te "ā‑tārite" me te "iteratī" ka taea te whakaoti i ngā mahi rārangi nui me te huringa iti o te hiko i roto i te pae haruru whakahaere; tuarua, ko te rama wātea 3D he huarahi maori mō te kaha tāruarua nui, he pai mō ngā matauranga rārangi rahi; tuatoru, ko te urupare hiko aroturuki te whakarato i te taea te hōtuhi me te whakatika hapa, kia taea ai te huri i te raupapa taputapu ki ngā momo mahi rerekē.
Ehara i te mea kāore he here: ko ngā wero i whakahuahia e te pepa he pērā i te hē whakarite i waenga i ngā taputapu, te parahanga rama me te whakahaere wera, me te pātai me pēhea te whakahuri i tētahi tauira experimental hei hua pumau, ka taea hoki te whakaputa i te nui. Ko ērā ara ka tū hei rongoā he momo tikanga whakatikatika pūmau ake, te waihanga algorithm manawanui ki te haruru, me te mahi tahi ki ngā pūnaha matihiko kua oti kē te whakamahere.
Mō te hunga e whai ana i ngā kaupapa hangarau hou, ka whakawhiwhia tēnei mahi ki tētahi whakaaro mārama: kāore anō te kawenga pānui i te rorohiko anake hei kaikawe uta, engari ka whakamahia te rama hei ārahi tāruarua mārama, ā, ka whakamahia ngā hiko ā‑tārite hei whakatikatika me te whakahaere, kia taea ai te whakamātautau AI me te whakapainga huinga te whakahaere i runga i te raupapa kotahi me te whai huanga.
Hei whakamutunga, ko tēnei rangahau i whakaputaina i te tau 2025 e whakaatu ana i te ariā o te "rama ā‑tārite + urupare hiko + algorithm iteratī" hei rongoā kotahi; he auahatanga ā‑pūtaiao tēnei, ā, ka akiaki i ngā mahi raupaparorohiko me ngā algorithm kia urutau, kia whakapai ake i tēnei momo taputapu hou.